笔墨书廉洁,丹青扬清风”廉政书法绘画比赛活动...
????? ?? ?????(??: theory-ladenness)? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????. ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???, ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??. ??? ??? "??? ???? ??(theory-laden)"? ??. ????? ??? 1950?? ??? 1960?? ?? ?? ??????, ??? ?? ??, ??? ?, ?? ?????? ?? ????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? 50?? ? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??.[1][2]
???? ?????(semantic theory-ladenness)? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????, ??? ?????(perceptual theory-ladenness)? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????. ?????? ?? ???? ????. ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ? ???? ??? ????, ??? ?? ???????? ? ? ??.
?????? ?? ??? ??(confirmation) ??? ??? ????. ?? ??? ?? ? ??? ?????? ??(??)? ????? ???? ?? ? ?? ????. ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ? ??, ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ? ??.
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- ↑ Bogen, Jim (2014): "Theory and Observation in Science", In: Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2014 Edition).
- ↑ Kindi, Vasso (2021? 6? 25?). 〈Kuhn, the Duck, and the Rabbit: Perception, Theory-Ladenness, and Creativity in Science〉. Wray, K. Brad. 《Interpreting Kuhn: Critical Essays》. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press. 169–184?. doi:10.1017/9781108653206.010. ISBN 9781108498296. OCLC 1223066673. S2CID 237739793.